1) Nā kala like ʻole

He ʻeleʻele ka ʻili o ka pā wela, a ʻaʻole kūlike ka waihoʻoluʻu, a i ʻole he ʻano bai ʻole me ka ʻaila ʻole.

2) Nā ʻaoʻao kikokikona like ʻole

ʻO ke ʻano o ka pā anu-rolled he maʻalahi a maʻalahi, a maʻemaʻe ke kaʻe

ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻili o ka pā wela wela, ʻaʻole maʻamau ke ʻano no ka ʻōwili anu, a i kekahi manawa ʻaʻohe maʻamau nā ʻaoʻao.

3) Nā kikoʻī like ʻole

ʻO nā papa i ʻōwili ʻia he lahilahi me ka mānoanoa o lalo o 3.0mm (koe wale no ka hana maʻamau), ʻo ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo he pā galvanized, a ʻo ka waihoʻoluʻu he pā i uhi ʻia.

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā papa ʻōwili wela ma luna o 1.5mm (koe wale nā ​​mea i hana ʻia), ʻaʻole i emi iho ka lahilahi ma mua o 1.0, a loaʻa iā lākou nā ʻano hoʻohālike e pili ana i ka wela.

4) Paʻakikī likeʻole

He kiʻekiʻe ka paʻakikī paʻakikī a paʻakikī hoʻi ka paʻa ʻana o ka pā anuanu, akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe;He haʻahaʻa ka paʻakikī, ka hana maʻalahi a me ka ductility maikaʻi.

5) Nā hana hana like ʻole

Hoʻokō ʻia ka ʻōwili anu i ka mahana maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka pā kila i ʻōwili ʻia a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mānoanoa o ke anuanu;Hoʻowili ʻia ka pā kila wela i ka wela nui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ductility, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mānoanoa.