Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka hou ka papahana hao hao ʻo Baowu Australia Hardey o Kina, me ka hana makahiki o 40 miliona tons!
Ma ka lā 23 o Dekemaba, ʻo ia ka "Lā Hui" mua a China Baowu Iron and Steel Group. Ma kahi o ka ʻaha hoʻolauleʻa, ua holomua nui ka papahana hao ʻo Hardey ma Australia i alakaʻi ʻia e Baowu Resources a ua hoʻopau i ka "kau inoa ao". ʻO ke ʻano o kēia kau inoa ʻana, e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka hou ʻia ka papahana hao me ka hana makahiki o 40 miliona tons, a ke manaʻo ʻia nei e loaʻa iā China Baowu kahi kumu paʻa a kiʻekiʻe hoʻi o nā lawe mai hao.
ʻO ka waihona ʻo Hardey ka waihona hao hao kiʻekiʻe loa o ka Premium Iron Ore Project (API) o Australia, me ka nui o ka hao hao ma mua o 60% ma mua o 150 miliona tons. ʻO ka papahana Direct Shipment Iron Ore (DSO) i hoʻomohala ʻia e Aquila, he lālā o Baowu Resources, me ka laulima ʻana me nā hui like ʻole, a me Hancock, ka mea hana hao hao ʻehā nui loa ma Australia. Loaʻa iā China Baowu Iron and Steel Group kahi papahana hao hao kiʻekiʻe (API) he 42.5%, a he mea nui kona hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻolālā hōʻoia waiwai honua Baowu hao hao o Kina.
He papahana lōʻihi ka papahana e pili ana i nā lua mines, nā awa, anā papahana kaʻaahiʻO ke kumukūʻai hoʻomohala mua i hoʻolālā ʻia he US$7.4 biliona a ʻo ka hana makahiki i hoʻolālā ʻia he 40 miliona tons.
I Mei 2014, ua pono koke ʻo Baosteel e loaʻa nā kumuwaiwai hao hou, a me ka mea hoʻokele kaʻaahi nui loa o Australia, ʻo Aurizon, ua kūʻai aku iā Aquila no A$1.4 biliona, a no laila ua loaʻa iā ia he 50% o nā ʻāpana ma ka papahana hao kiʻekiʻe o Australia (API). ʻO nā ʻāpana i koe no nā pilikua kila Kōlea Hema. ʻO Pohang Iron and Steel (POSCO) a me ka ʻoihana hoʻopukapuka kālā ʻo AMCI ka mea paʻa.
I kēlā manawa, ua kokoke ke kumukūʻai o ka hao hao maʻamau i US$103 no ke tona. Akā, ʻaʻole lōʻihi nā manawa maikaʻi. Me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā mea hana hao kiʻekiʻe ma Australia a me Brazil, a me ka emi ʻana o ke koi Kina, ua keu ka lako hao hao honua, a ke "lele nei i lalo" nā kumukūʻai hao.
I Mei 2015, ua hoʻolaha nā hoa pili e like me Baosteel Group, Pohang Steel, AMCI lāua ʻo Aurizon e hoʻopanee lākou i ka hoʻoholo e hoʻolaha i ka papahana a hiki i ka hopena o 2016.

Ma ka lā 11 o Dekemaba, 2015, ua hōʻea ke kumukūʻai o ka hao hao me ka papa o 62% a me kahi huakaʻi ma Qingdao i ka haʻahaʻa o US$38.30, kahi haʻahaʻa loa mai ka ʻikepili helu i kēlā me kēia lā ma Mei 2009. Ua hoʻolaha pololei ka mea lawelawe i ka hiki ke hoʻōki i ka papahana. ʻO ka hana noiʻi moekolohe ma muli o nā kūlana mākeke maikaʻi ʻole a me nā kūlana lako a me ke koi i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
A hiki i kēia manawa, ua hoʻōki ʻia ka papahana.
Wahi a nā hōʻike pāpāho haole, ua kau inoa ʻo Hancock, ka mea hana hao hao ʻehā nui loa o Australia, a me ka hui hui ʻo Baowu o Kina, i kahi ʻaelike e hoʻokuʻu aku i ka hao hao mai ka papahana Hardey ma o ke alahao a me ke awa ʻo Roy Hill. ʻAʻohe pono e kūkulu i nā awa hou a me nā alahao, a ua hoʻopau pū ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka papahana hao hao kiʻekiʻe (API) o Australia i ke keakea nui loa, a ua kau ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana ma ka papahana.
Wahi a nā hōʻike a nā pāpāho haole, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻouna ʻia ka pōhaku mua o ka papahana Hardey i ka makahiki 2023. Eia nō naʻe, me ka holomua o nā papahana e like me Simandou Iron Mine, ua loaʻa iā Kina nā koho ʻē aʻe he ʻoi aku ka makepono, a hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia kāna pae hana.
Akā i kēlā me kēia hihia, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka papahana Hardey e hoʻoikaika hou i ka leo o Baowu a me ke kaulahao ʻoihana kila o Kina, a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hiki ke hōʻoia i nā kumuwaiwai hao o koʻu ʻāina.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma o nā hui ʻana a me nā hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana, ua hoʻomau ʻo Baowu Group i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā waihona o nā kumuwaiwai hao, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ke ʻano o nā kumuwaiwai o waho.
Ma Australia, ma mua o ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana, ua hoʻokumu ka Baosteel Group i ka Baoruiji Iron Ore Joint Venture me Hamersley Iron Ore Co., Ltd. o Australia i ka makahiki 2002. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka papahana i ka makahiki 2004 a e hoʻomaka ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki no nā makahiki 20 e hiki mai ana. Ua hoʻokuʻu aku i 10 miliona tone o ka hao hao i Baosteel Group; i ka makahiki 2007, ua hui pū ʻo Baosteel me ka hui hao hao Australia ʻo FMG e ʻimi i nā kumuwaiwai magnetite o Glacier Valley me nā waihona o 1 biliona tone; i ka makahiki 2009, ua loaʻa iā ia he 15% o nā ʻāpana o ka hui mining Australia ʻo Aquila Resources, a ua lilo ʻo ia i mea kuleana lua nui loa; i Iune 2012, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia iā Iron Bridge me FMG a ua hoʻohui i ʻelua mau kuleana mining papahana hao hao ma Australia. Ua helu ʻo Baosteel Group no 88% o nā ʻāpana; ʻo ka hao hao o ka papahana Hardey i ka makahiki 2014 i kūʻai ʻia ma…
Ua loaʻa iā Baowu Group ka Chana Iron Mine, Zhongxi Iron Mine a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe ma Australia ma o ke kūʻai ʻana iā Sinosteel; ua loaʻa iā Maanshan Iron and Steel a me Wuhan Iron and Steel, a ua loaʻa iā ia ka hui like ʻana o ka Australian Willara Iron Mine, a pēlā aku…
Ma ʻApelika, ke hoʻolālā nei ʻo Baowu Group e kūkulu i ka hao hao ʻo Simandou (Simandou) ma Guinea, ʻApelika. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā waihona hao ʻo Simandou ma mua o 10 biliona tone, a ʻo ka awelika o ka nui o ka hao he 65%. ʻO ka hao hao i eli ʻia me nā waihona nui loa a me ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe loa.
I ka manawa like, ʻo Baoyu Liberia, kahi hui like i hoʻokumu ʻia e Baosteel Resources (50.1%), Henan International Cooperation Group (CHICO, 40%) a me China-Africa Development Fund (9.9%), ke ʻimi nei i ka ʻimi ʻana ma Liberia. ʻO ka nui o nā waihona hao hao o Liberia he 4 biliona a 6.5 biliona tone (ʻo ka nui o ka hao he 30% a 67%). ʻO ia ka lua o ka mea hana a me ka mea hoʻokuʻu aku i ka hao hao ma ʻApelika. Aia ia ma kahi kokoke iā Sierra Leone a me Guinea, nā kahua hao hao koʻikoʻi o Kina ma waho. Manaʻo ʻia e lilo ia i kahua ʻē aʻe ma Kina.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ua noho mua ʻo Baowu Group, ma o kona hoʻomohala ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻokūkū honua no nā kumuwaiwai hao a ua lilo ia i hoʻokahi o nā puka makani koʻikoʻi no Kina e hele i ka honua holoʻokoʻa.